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101.
We formulate a motional model on the basis of an experimental optical trapping system which reveals the single molecular events
of the force generation due to actin and myosin, and we discuss the origin of the dispersion of the displacements of the beads
bound to the actin filament. In some experimental data sets, this dispersion is larger than that presumed from the model under
the condition that the thermal agitation is the only source of the fluctuation. Thus, other fluctuating elements besides that
due to thermal agitation are supposed to cause the dispersion. A possible fluctuating element is the step size itself. We
discuss this possibility and estimate the fluctuation in step size using two reported experimental data sets. 相似文献
102.
Kawano M Igarashi K Yamato I Kakinuma Y 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(27):24405-24410
The 76-kDa NtpI subunit constitutes the membrane-embedded V(0) moiety of Enterococcus hirae vacuolar type Na+-ATPase with a 16-kDa NtpK hexamer containing Na+ binding sites. In this study, we investigated the role of an arginine residue, which is highly conserved among the corresponding subunits of bacterial vacuolar-type ATPases, at position 573 of NtpI. Substitution of Glu, Leu, or Gln for Arg-573 abolished sodium transport and sodium-stimulated ATP hydrolysis of the enzyme. The conservative replacement of Arg by Lys lowered both activities about one-fifth of those of the wild type enzyme. We have reported previously on ATP-dependent negative cooperativity for Na+ coupling of this enzyme (Murata, T., Kakinuma, Y., and Yamato, I. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 48337-48340). The negative cooperativity for the Na+ dependence of ATPase activity was weakened by the mutation R573K; the Hill coefficients for the wild type and mutant enzymes at a saturated ATP concentration were 0.22 +/- 0.03 and 0.40 +/- 0.05, respectively. The Hill coefficients of both enzymes at limited ATP concentrations approached 1. These results indicate that NtpI Arg-573 is indispensable for sodium translocation and for the cooperative features of E. hirae vacuolar-type ATPase. 相似文献
103.
Hitoshi Kumagai Yoshimi Oka Motoko Akita-TanakaKatsuya Inoue 《Inorganica chimica acta》2002,332(1):176-180
The hydrothermal synthesis, single crystal X-ray structure and magnetic properties of a two-dimensional (2-D) coordination polymer, [Ni4(C6(COO)6)(OH)2(H2O)6] (1), is described. Complex 1 consists of dimer motifs of pseudo octahedral NiO6 linked through μ3-OH to generate one-dimensional (1-D) chains which are further bridged by the mellitate ligands to form non interpenetrated undulating sheet structure. The sheets are further connected by hydrogen bonding interaction to yield a three-dimensional (3-D) structure. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibilities revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interaction between nickel centers. 相似文献
104.
We here isolated an Enterococcus hirae mutant unable to grow well at pH 10. The influx rate calculated from steady-state 42K+/K+ exchange and the intracellular K+ concentration of the mutant were reduced to 53 and 55% of those of the wild-type, respectively. The activities of two high-affinity K+ uptake systems, KtrI and KtrII, were normal in the mutant, but the kinetics of net K+ uptake at pH 10 indicated that a low-affinity K+ uptake with a Km of about 20 mM (Kawano, M, Abuki, R, Igarashi, K, Kakinuma, Y. (2001) Arch. Microbiol. 175: 41-45), which were seen in the wild-type, was deficient in this mutant. 相似文献
105.
Cloned transchromosomic calves producing human immunoglobulin 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
106.
107.
The adhesive property to the intestinal mucin of Bifidobacterium lactis LKM512, B. longum, B. breve, B. bifidum, B. adolescentis, B. infantis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides distasonis, Eubacterium aerofaciens,
Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus acidophilus were examined. Adhesive rate of LKM512 to the mucin was significantly (p < 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001) stronger than the other strains from 2 to 100 time. Though the adhesive property of many strains was
almost same to the mucin of 20-year-old and 50-year-old generations, in case of 4-month-old was different. Adhesive inhibitory
effect of C. perfringens to the mucin by LKM512 was examined. Under the condition that LKM512 was 108/ml and that C. perfringens was 106/ml, adhesion of C. perfringens to the mucin was inhibited at 99.6%, when LKM512 adhered in advance. There was the strong inhibition of adhesion at 74.0%,
when C. perfringens adhered to mucin in advance. Thus, LKM512 can inhibit the adhesion of harmful bacteria to the intestinal mucin, the possibility
of using as a probiotic strain has to be verified. 相似文献
108.
Higashimoto K Soejima H Yatsuki H Joh K Uchiyama M Obata Y Ono R Wang Y Xin Z Zhu X Masuko S Ishino F Hatada I Jinno Y Iwasaka T Katsuki T Mukai T 《Genomics》2002,80(6):575-584
Human 11p15.5, as well as its orthologous mouse 7F4/F5, is known as the imprinting domain extending from IPL/Ipl to H19. OBPH1 and Obph1 are located beyond the presumed imprinting boundary on the IPL/Ipl side. We determined full-length cDNAs and complete genomic structures of both orthologues. We also investigated their precise imprinting and methylation status. The orthologues resembled each other in genomic structure and in the position of the 5' CpG island and were expressed ubiquitously. OBPH1 and Obph1 were predominantly expressed from the maternal allele only in placenta, with hypo- and not differentially methylated 5' CpG islands in both species. These results suggested that the imprinting domain would extend beyond the presumed imprinting boundary and that methylation of the 5' CpG island was not associated with the imprinting status in either species. It remains to be elucidated whether the gene is under the control of the KIP2/LIT1 subdomain or is regulated by a specific mechanism. Analysis of the precise genomic sequence around the region should help resolve this question. 相似文献
109.
Momose Y Honda T Inagaki M Shimizu K Irie K Nakanishi H Takai Y 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2002,292(1):45-49
We investigated whether and how rat liver thioredoxin reductase spares alpha-tocopherol in biomembranes. Purified hydroperoxides of beta-linoleoyl-gamma-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine were decreased 35% by treatment with thioredoxin reductase and 54% by thioredoxin reductase plus E. coli thioredoxin. Thioredoxin reductase also halved the amount of hydroperoxides that had been formed during photoperoxidation of liposomes composed of beta-linoleoyl-gamma-palmitoylphosphatidylcholine, and of emulsions of both cholesterol and cholesteryl linolenate. In erythrocyte ghosts, thioredoxin reductase spared alpha-tocopherol from oxidation by both soybean lipoxygenase and ferricyanide. Thioredoxin reductase also decreased F(2)-isoprostanes in ghosts oxidized by ferricyanide, suggesting that its ability to spare alpha-tocopherol relates to reduction of lipid hydroperoxides. 相似文献
110.